What is a Philadelphia Cervical Collar?
The Philadelphia collar, classified as a Class I medical rehabilitation brace, is a two-piece polymer device. Its primary structure utilizes medical-grade foam materials—typically cross-linked polyethylene (PE) or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer—with optional rigid thermoplastic reinforcements for enhanced support. Perimeter ventilation holes and a large anterior opening significantly improve airflow, reducing skin maceration risk. The foam composition ensures hypoallergenic skin contact while being free of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halogenated hydrocarbons. Closure is achieved via high-tensile-strength hook-and-loop straps rated for temperatures as low as -30°C. Crucially, its radiolucent, non-metallic design provides uncompromised compatibility with X-ray, CT, and MRI imaging. Anthropometric sizing (S/M/L) accommodates >95% of adults.

How to Wear a Philadelphia Collar?
Seated Application for conscious, cooperative patients.
Place Posterior Piece: Position the longer piece (without chin groove) vertically along the posterior midline, with its upper edge near the occipital bone and lower edge resting on the shoulders.
Secure Anterior Piece: Align the anterior piece (with chin groove) over the posterior piece. Fully embed the chin into the groove, pressing the anterior piece firmly against the posterior section.
Adjust Straps: Symmetrically fasten Velcro straps on both sides. Tightness should allow one finger’s width insertion without restricting breathing.
Supine Application for trauma/postoperative patients or those unable to sit up.
Spinal alignment must be maintained (head-torso axis straight), An assistant supports the head, ensuring stabilize head. Tragus-to-mouth corner line is vertical to the ground. Nose-to-umbilicus alignment is straight.
Three-Person Technique:
Assistant 1: Supports shoulders/head.
Assistant 2: Gently lifts the head.
Assistant 3: Slides the posterior piece into the mid-cervical position. After repositioning the head, align the anterior groove with the chin, press firmly over the posterior piece, and fasten straps snugly.

Philadelphia Cervical Collar: Indications and Function
Whiplash and trauma. If you’ve been in a car accident or sustained some other kind of injury, like a fall, a cervical collar may protect your neck and prevent further injury.
Neck surgery. A cervical collar helps to prevent injury after surgery by limiting rotation, as well as side-to-side and back and forth movements.
Nerve compression. Cervical collars are occasionally used to reduce pressure on the nerves in the neck.
Cervical spondylosis. A cervical collar may cause temporary relief from pain caused by cervical spondylosis — an age-related condition that’s caused by wear and tear of cartilage and bones in the neck.

Philadelphia Cervical Collar: Key Precautions
Proper Fitting. Ensure the chin rests securely in the anterior piece’s groove, with the posterior piece centered against the occiput and shoulders. Fasten Velcro straps snugly without compromising breathing or circulation. Avoid loosening during activity to prevent ineffective stabilization16.
Wearing Duration. Typically prescribed for 6–8 weeks. Prolonged use may cause muscle atrophy or joint stiffness; discontinue under medical guidance once symptoms improve. Remove during sleep or rest periods unless otherwise instructed.
Skin Care & Maintenance. Clean the collar regularly with mild soap and lukewarm water. Air-dry away from direct heat to prevent deformation. Inspect skin daily for irritation and use soft liners if needed and ensure the collar edges do not cause pressure injuries.
Medical Compliance. Strictly follow physician instructions regarding indications (e.g., stable fractures, post-surgical support, degenerative conditions) and contraindications (e.g., unstable fractures).